What is the purpose of a test case?

The primary purpose of a test case is to define the specific inputs, execution conditions, and the expected outcomes related to a particular test scenario. This structured approach allows testers to assess whether a particular feature or functionality of the software meets the specified requirements. By outlining these elements, a test case ensures that the testing process is systematic and repeatable, allowing for a clear comparison between the expected and actual results. This is essential for identifying defects and validating that the software behaves as intended under various conditions.

In summary, a test case serves as a critical component of the testing process by providing a clear guideline for testers, promoting consistency, and facilitating the documentation and communication of testing efforts.