What do static analysis tools primarily analyze?

Static analysis tools primarily analyze program code. The purpose of these tools is to review the source code without executing the program. They can help identify potential vulnerabilities, bugs, or non-compliance with coding standards early in the development process. By examining the code structure, syntax, and various other elements, static analysis can ensure that the code is maintainable, efficient, and adheres to best practices.

While design, test cases, and requirements are critical components of software quality and development, they are not the primary focus of static analysis tools. These tools do not analyze design documents, which are more about overall software architecture, nor do they evaluate test cases or requirements, which focus on understanding what the software should do and how it will be tested. The chosen answer accurately reflects that static analysis tools are specifically tailored to scrutinize program code to enhance software quality and reliability.